Cytokine networks in autoimmune diseases: mechanisms, pathogenesis and therapeutic innovations

Autoimmune diseases arise from a complex interplay of immune dysregulation, characterized by the loss of self-tolerance and chronic inflammation. Central to these processes are cytokines – soluble signaling proteins that orchestrate immune responses by mediating communication between cells. Cytokine networks exhibit dual functionality: they are essential regulators of immune homeostasis, yet paradoxically act as pathogenic drivers in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis and inflammatory myopathies.

In this Application note, Sino Biological explore key findings highlighting the therapeutic potential of cytokine-targeted biologics, Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, and emerging strategies such as miRNA modulation and engineered cytokines.